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Condo associations: who owns the surface you are trying to clean

In a condominium the association owns some of the exterior and unit owners own the rest, and the line between them decides who pays, who authorizes the work, and who gets the complaint.

♀ Woman-Owned★ 4.9 · 213 reviewsLicensed & InsuredSince 2010
HOA 7 min read

The short version

  • A condo is not an apartment complex and not a standard HOA. The units are individually owned, and the declaration divides the exterior into common, limited common, and unit property.
  • Limited common elements are the awkward category: balconies, patios, and sometimes windows. The association usually maintains them and the owner has exclusive use.
  • Scope the work by element, not by building. A bid for washing the building leaves every balcony ambiguous.
  • Get the declaration read before the bids go out. It is the document that decides what the association can lawfully spend money on.
  • Access is the practical problem. Balconies are private space and getting to all of them on one visit takes notice and cooperation rather than a key.

Why this is a different problem from an apartment building

An apartment community has one owner. A regional manager can decide to wash everything, and the only question is scheduling around residents. That version of the job is mostly logistics.

A condominium has as many owners as there are units, plus an association that owns the common property on their collective behalf. The exterior is legally divided, and the dividing lines are written in the declaration rather than being obvious from looking at the building. A board that authorizes work on the wrong side of a line has spent association money on private property, which is the kind of thing that ends up in a special meeting.

A standard HOA of single-family homes is a third shape again: the association owns the entrances, the sidewalks, the pool, and the clubhouse, and each homeowner owns their whole house. The covenants may require owners to keep siding clean, and then the board sends letters. We cover the homeowner end of that in the guide on violation letters.

The three categories, and the one that causes arguments

CategoryTypically includesWho maintains it
Common elementsBuilding exteriors, roofs, gutters, breezeways, stairwells, walkways, parking, pool deck, clubhouse, mailbox kiosksThe association, funded by regular assessments
Limited common elementsBalconies, patios, entry doors and door frames, and in many declarations the windowsUsually the association, but for the exclusive use of one unit. This is the category to check
Unit propertyInterior surfaces, and sometimes the inside face of windows and the balcony floor coveringThe individual owner

The middle row is where exterior cleaning projects go wrong. A balcony is attached to one unit and used by one household, and in most North Carolina condo declarations it is a limited common element that the association maintains. That means washing balconies is usually association work, and the owner cannot refuse access unreasonably. But it is written differently building to building, and nobody should assume.

Windows are the other one worth pinning down. Plenty of declarations make the glass a limited common element, so exterior window cleaning is an association expense while the interior stays with the owner. Get this settled before the bids go out, because it can double the scope.

How to scope it so the bids are comparable

The single most useful thing a board can do is send out a scope written by element rather than by building. Three companies bidding on wash the buildings will return three different numbers for three different jobs.

1

Have somebody read the declaration

Ideally the association attorney or the management company, confirming which elements are common, which are limited common, and who maintains each.

2

List the elements and say yes or no to each

Siding, roofs, gutters inside, gutter faces, soffits, breezeways, stairwells, handrails, entry doors, balconies, patios, exterior glass, walkways, parking, dumpster enclosure, amenity areas.

3

Set the frequency per element

Breezeways and glass on a tight cycle, buildings on a long one. A single annual frequency across everything is how you end up overpaying on walls and underserving the stairwells.

4

State the access plan

Who notifies owners, how far in advance, and what happens on a balcony where nobody responds.

5

Ask for documentation as a deliverable

Dated photos per element per visit, delivered as files. This is what the board minutes reference later and what a reserve study can use.

6

Then take bids

On that document, so the numbers describe the same work.

Balconies, which are the whole problem in one element

They are private space, they are the dirtiest element on most condo buildings, and they are where the complaints come from. Grills leave grease, planters leave rings, pets leave what pets leave, and the underside of the balcony above collects growth that drips onto the one below.

  • Get notice out early and repeat it. An owner who has not moved furniture is a skipped balcony, and a skipped balcony is a second mobilization.
  • Say what owners must do: clear furniture and planters, close the slider, bring in anything a pet uses.
  • Work top down within a stack. Washing a lower balcony before the one above it means doing the lower one twice.
  • Expect a few to be inaccessible on the day. Build a sweep visit into the scope rather than pretending it will be one hundred percent.
  • Drainage is a real issue. Balcony runoff lands on the balcony below or on the walkway, and on an upper floor it can reach a parked car.
  • Anything that looks like structural deterioration, spalling concrete, rusting rail anchors, soft decking, gets reported rather than washed over. On a condo balcony that is a safety item with a paper trail attached.

How boards usually pay for it

Two routes, and the choice changes what you should ask for.

Operating budget

For anything recurring: breezeways, glass, entry concrete, dumpster enclosures. Predictable, annual, and it belongs in the regular assessment rather than being treated as a project.

Reserve or special assessment

For the periodic full building wash and roof treatment. These are multi-year items, and a board that has them in the reserve study is not having an emergency conversation about them every few years.

Worth saying plainly to a board: roof washing belongs in the reserve conversation, not the cosmetic one. Removing algae and especially moss extends the service life of the shingles, and deferring it shortens the interval to the next roof replacement, which is the largest line in most condo reserve studies.

The liability half

Breezeways and stairwells are shared circulation, they are usually shaded, and algae on a concrete tread is genuinely slick when it rains. Slip and fall claims at condo properties happen in stairwells more than anywhere else.

A scheduled program with dated photographic records is worth having before an incident rather than after, because it demonstrates the condition was being managed. That argument gets exterior cleaning funded at boards where the cosmetic argument does not.

What we do

We work with condo boards and management companies across Raleigh, Cary, Clayton, Garner, and the rest of the county, and we will bid from your element list rather than handing you a number for washing the buildings. One schedule, one contact, one invoice, dated photos per element, and a walk of the property with a board member or the manager before anything starts.

If the declaration is unclear about balconies or windows, say so when you call and we will scope it both ways so the board can see what each version costs. We are licensed, insured, will name the association as additional insured, and are NC HUB-certified as a woman-owned business. Call (919) 698-3669.

Our work

What this looks like finished

Two technicians soft washing the exterior of a multi-story apartment building
Apartment building, soft wash
White vinyl siding and brick foundation after a soft wash by Clayton Pressure Washing
House wash, vinyl siding
A hand covered in white chalky oxidation after touching faded vinyl siding
The chalk test on faded siding
Questions

Asked and answered

Who is responsible for cleaning condo balconies?
In most North Carolina condo declarations a balcony is a limited common element, which means the association maintains it and one unit has exclusive use of it. That usually makes washing them association work, but it is written differently building to building and the declaration is what settles it.
Does the condo association pay for exterior window cleaning?
It depends whether the declaration treats the windows as a limited common element or as unit property. Many make the glass limited common, which puts exterior cleaning with the association and interior with the owner. Confirm it before bids go out, because it can double the scope.
How is a condo different from an HOA for exterior cleaning?
An HOA of single-family homes owns the common areas and each owner owns their whole house. A condo divides the building itself into common, limited common, and unit property, so the association is maintaining parts of a structure that individual people own units inside.
How should a board scope an exterior cleaning contract?
By element, with a frequency for each: siding, roofs, gutters, breezeways, stairwells, handrails, entry doors, balconies, glass, walkways, and amenity areas. Three bids on wash the buildings will describe three different jobs.
What if an owner will not clear their balcony?
Build a sweep visit into the scope. Expect a handful to be inaccessible on the day regardless of notice, and price a return rather than assuming full coverage on one pass.
Should roof washing come out of reserves?
It is worth treating as a reserve item rather than a cosmetic one. Removing algae and moss extends shingle service life, and deferring it shortens the interval to the next roof replacement, which is usually the biggest line in the reserve study.
Can you name the association as additional insured?
Yes, and the management company as well. We send the certificate before the first visit rather than after an incident.
Services

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Where we work

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Reviews

What neighbors say about the work

★★★★★

“Siding and windows on the same day and the whole house looks lighter. Careful with the beds and easy to schedule.”

Angela Ruiz · Apex
★★★★★

“They brought the color back on our vinyl siding after another company left it chalky. Night and day.”

Cassie Bradshaw · Clayton
★★★★★

“Same-day service and the whole property looks better. Will use them every year.”

Mitchell R. · Clayton
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